How Santas Reindeer Got Their Names

How Santa's Reindeer Got Their Names If you ask the average American to name Santas reindeer, the first name to pop up will probably be  Rudolph  (the Red-Nosed Reindeer). The next two would no doubt be  Donner  and  Blitzen. But is this correct? And where did these names come from? Origin of Reindeer Names The popular Christmas song  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer† was a 1949 hit tune sung and recorded by Gene Autry and based on a character originally created by a marketing team for Montgomery Ward in 1939. The lyrics were written by  Johnny Marks, who borrowed most of the reindeer names from the classic 1823 poem â€Å"A Visit from Saint Nicholas† (more commonly known as â€Å"Twas the Night before Christmas†) by Major Henry Livingston, Jr. (Historically,  Clement Clarke Moore has been credited for the poem, but most scholars now believe Livingston to have been the poet.) The original poem refers to â€Å"eight tiny reindeer† (Rudolph actually makes it nine tiny reindeer) and names them: â€Å"Now Dasher! now, Dancer! now Prancer and Vixen!/On, Comet! on, Cupid! on Dunder and Blixem!† Later Versions Dunder and Blixem? Youve always heard Donner and Blitzen, right? The former were Dutch names written into the poem by Livingston. Only in later versions, modified by Moore in 1844, were the two names changed to German:  Donder  (close to  Donner, thunder) and  Blitzen  (lightning), to better rhyme with Vixen. Finally, for some reason, in the song â€Å"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer† Marks turned Donder into Donner. Whether Marks made the change because he knew German or because it just sounded better is uncertain.* In any event, there is certainly some logic in using German  Donner  and  Blitzen  (thunder and lightning) for the names. Since 1950 or so, the two reindeer names have been  Donner  and  Blitzen  in both â€Å"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer†Ã‚  and the â€Å"A  Visit  from Saint Nicholas.

Evaluation analysing. developing management capability Essay

Evaluation analysing. developing management capability - Essay Example (Leech, 2004). The overall structure of the argument is really vague and presenter has not clearly formulated a better version of this extract. Generally, this extract indicates the use of AIDA model to get the attention of the audience by mentioning how much the market for DVDs in the educational sector is lucrative. (Yeshin, 1998). However, other elements such as preparation for presentation i.e. handling of overhead projector etc during the presentation clearly indicates that the presenter has not probably rehearsed his presentation before actually delivering this presentation. This fact also indicates the potential non-verbal behavior of the presenter as setting overhead during the presentation clearly reflects the fact that eye contact must have been lost with the audience. Further, the use of â€Å"I† is rather frequent than the use of â€Å"You† indicating a lack of rapport building and indicates more of an introvert type of personality presenting to an educated audience. This extract is also indicating a more use, of â€Å"I† rather than the â€Å"You† whereas this also seems to be an unorganized piece of presentation. Further, a business plan is always lengthy and details all the information about a potential product to be sold however, there is a clear indication of the lack of facts and information about the potential product but rather presenter is attempting to provide a completely different picture of the product by associating it with an entirely different example. Further the overall attitude of the presenter is probing in nature i.e. presenter is attempting to further probe something in order to make his case stronger i.e. develop interest however; the exact wordings clearly indicate the lack of confidence and interest of the presenter. This paragraph seems to be influencing in nature i.e. presenter is trying to sell the idea for new product by outlining the potential

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) - Essay Example In each step of transition, each stakeholder is considered to ensure that each need is addressed at optimum levels. These stakeholders primarily consist of the health care providers and recipient-patients. The medical industry is just one of those industries who capitalize in human resource and invest on meeting human needs. Thus, it is not surprising to find this industry integrating well with its technological advances the human factors -- providers and patients. A particular technological advancement that is taking its slow yet comprehensive steps in the health care industry is the Electronic Medical Record or EMR. Basically, this type of information-capture is the digitized copy of the tangible and printed medical reports traditionally used by the healthcare providers. Pressing needs in the industry’s record-keeping component and the desire for higher operational efficiencies, as well as the great potential of addressing these through the EMR had led to the scrutinizing an d inevitable debate of this technology’s advantages and disadvantages. Disadvantages A primary disadvantage of most technological advancement, and where EMR is not an exception, is its reliance to energy (i.e., electricity). Next in line of these primary drawbacks is the slow system run, as well as hardware issues (Wager, Lee, White, Ward, & Ornstein, 2000). The disadvantages of EMR lie on the delays and possible discrepancies (occurring during delay or information transfer from paper to a computer) that providers have to face on instances of energy disruption, software, or hardware malfunction. Indeed, a physician assistant once remarked, "everything comes to a screeching halt when the system is down. You have to, all of a sudden, remember how to handwrite prescriptions† (Wager et al., 2000, Results section, para. 9). The assistant’s statement presented another learning deficiency that once providers get to rely too much on the EMR, they became less adept to the simple, fundamentals of the manual record keeping. The impact of these disadvantages to the providers maybe a bit similar to the patients. If these disadvantages occur temporarily, then its impact to patients is limited. However, in the long run and in total count, these disadvantages may transform into huge losses in the supposedly saved costs of utilizing EMRs. Advantages The advantages of the EMR evidently lie on the justification of its invention in the first place. Its existence was meant to aid the health care industry in advancing its record-keeping component. Moreover, EMR was envisioned to mobilize a lot of other medical service transactions through the unified integration of transitory information and multiple department access (which have to be granted to make this integration possible). Mitchell and Haroun (2011) enumerated EMR’s advantages: 1) its systems-inclusion capability, which does the ‘coordinating’ function for the different departmental ser vices; and 2) its cautionary and informativity feature, which promote the utilization of a uniform, patient-and-provider reference to medication and treatment protocol. Both of these advantages serve to address the flexible and real-time integration needed to speed the flow of the healthcare service transactions and synchronize with it the organized and useful output of patient data. Consequently, these concerns that used

Change Management Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Companies and organizations are changing continually to be more efficient in what they do. Change is not always readily accepted. Many people like to stay where they are and become comfortable with their current position. Business writers and managers have stated that unless organizations continue to change, they will become stale and inefficient. There have been many change management initiatives such as Total Quality Management, Six Sigma, and the Japanese Kaizen. Although these initiatives carry different names and slightly different processes, they all have a few elements in common. The most important elements for successful change management, as emphasized by the course text Human Resources Management in Canada and John P. Kotter’s article Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail, are time, sufficient communication, and understanding the urgency for change.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Change is gradual; it takes time for things to change. It has been said that, â€Å"Rome wasn’t built in a day.† This is true for the business world as well. We simply cannot expect things to change overnight. Kotter has argued that it would more reasonable to allow a few years in order to fully allow the change process to unfold. Management should give themselves a large window of time to schedule in change. If they believe that they can make a large change over-night, they are merely fooling themselves of their capacity to manage. No matter how good a ma...

Novel Critique: Will Grayson, Will Grayson Essay

One winter night in Chicago, two teenage boys named Will Grayson met by chance in an adult entertainment shop. They were both juniors in high school but they live in different suburbs. The book is told through alternating chapters between the two Will Graysons with John Green writing one and David Levithan the next. Their styles of writing are similar yet different enough which did not make it seem repetitive. John Green’s Will Grayson was written in normal type while David Levithan’s was written in all lowercase, which made the story more interesting. John Green’s Will Grayson believes that all problems and pains in life could be avoided by keeping quiet and not caring. Tiny Cooper, his best friend, is a proof of what heartache can do. Tiny is always in love with different boys and always have his heart broken. Tiny Cooper was a very perfect addition to the story. Him being John’s Will’s best friend and him meeting David’s Will and then them having a thing for each other, really helped the two Will Graysons in figuring out who they are. On the other hand, David Levithan’s Will Grayson is very anxious and does not have any real friends, except for a boy online who he’s in love with. When the two Will Graysons finally met, it seems like it is the most random thing that has ever happened. Though they only interacted a bit, when they did it was both so awkward and at the same time comfortable. The fact that meeting each other reminded â€Å"It’s hard to believe in coincidence but it’s even harder to believe in anything else.† them that just because they are both named Will Grayson does not mean their names define them, and that there are tons of people with the same out in the world, too. John Green’s Will Grayson does not want too much attention drawn to him, which did not exactly work for his best friend, Tiny Cooper. Tiny Cooper, his quest to make the world better though his musical and his and Will’s friendship is really just wonderful. David Levithan’s Will Grayson is angry and sarcastic but as the story progresses, readers would get to see the different sides of him. Also, he did not fit into any typical stereotype of a gay teen. In fact, in the conversation between the authors found at the end of the book, it is very interesting how David Levithan explained how he wanted his Will Grayson to be in the middle of things and also explained that Will writes in all lowercase because he sees himself as a lowercase person. The book blatantly attacks a lot of issues in the modern teenage world, and a lot of it is actually very harsh. At some points, it could be a little bit uncomfortable but it is the authors’ willingness to speak the truth. In a winter full of love, fake IDs, weird band names, two Will Graysons, and an epic musical about love and all the things about Tiny Cooper – Will Grayson, Will Grayson is really a hilarious novel about things that we cannot choose. While some humorous books are just humorous, Will Grayson, Will Grayson also touches on bigger issues that are relevant especially to teenagers nowadays.

Effects Of Segregation In The 1930s - 728 Words

What is segregation? Segregation is setting apart or separation of people or things from others or from the main body or group. (dictionary.com) In the 1930s African Americans did not have the right to vote. The policy of segregation meant that blacks had their own churches, schools, football teams, and even their own cemeteries. The Great Depression also took place in the 1930s. The economic crisis of the 1930s, the Great Depression, is one of the most studied periods in American history. Racism was at a high point in the 1930s. The 1930s were a turbulent time for race relations in America. (xroads.virgina.edu) Racism was as strong as ever in the Southern States. Racism is the belief of all members of each race possess†¦show more content†¦Jim Crow was the name of a minstrel routine performed beginning in 1828. The term came to be a derogatory epiblast for African Americans and a designation for their segregated life. Southern state legislatures passed laws requiring th e separation of whites from â€Å"persons with color†. The Jim Crow law was from 1877 to 1954. (Britannica.com) The term â€Å"Jim Crow† originally referred to a black character in an old story and was the name of a popular dance in the 1820s. Thomas â€Å"Daddy† Rice created a routine in which he blacked his face, wore old clothes and sang and dance in an imitation of an old and decrepit black man. In the song, Rice published the words to the song, â€Å"Jump, Jim Crow,† in 1830. An example of the Jim Crow law is the Montgomery bus operators. They were supposed to separate their coaches into two sections: whites were up front, and the blacks were in the back. The white section had comfortable seats, while black’s seats were hard and not as comfortable as the white passenger’s seats. The U.S. military allowed African Americans to participate in World War II. (u-s-history.com) Despite the racism and segregation in the U.S. military, there were more than 2 and a half million African American men registered in the military draft. More than 1 million served in the armed forces during World War II. The U.S.Show MoreRelatedEffects Of Segregation In The 1930s737 Words   |  3 PagesRights Denied to African Americans in the 1930s What is segregation? Segregation is set apart or separation of people or things from others or from the main body or group. (dictionary.com) In the 1930s African Americans did not have the right to vote. The policy of segregation meant that blacks had their own churches, schools, football teams, and even their own cemeteries. The Great Depression also took place in the 1930s. The economic crisis of the 1930s, the Great Depression, is one of the mostRead MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird1570 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history, racism has enslaved and segregated many races in other countries, but in the United States, the African-Americans have especially been victims of racism and segregation based upon their color. In recent history, the struggle to achieve equality and eradicate racism in the United States has been an ongoing battle since the late 1800’s. In Harper Lee s classic novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Lee uses her own experience and draws from events during h er childhood to bring to exposeRead MoreMoral and Physical Courage in To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee649 Words   |  3 PagesTo Kill A Mockingbird , is a fictional novel, written by Harper Lee, that make connections to historical events including her life in the 1930’s and the Civil Rights Movement in the 50’s and 60’s. To Kill a Mockingbird is a book that shows both moral and physical courage throughout the book. The narrator, Scout, is a six year old girl who lives with her brother Jem and dad, Atticus Finch, who is a lawyer in Maycomb County, who is chosen to defend a black man who is accused of raping Mayella EwellRead MoreHow does Steinbeck present the character of Crooks in chapter 4?1623 Words   |  7 PagesCrooks. Crooks isn’t shown as a main character of the story, but is given much light in this chapter. Crooks is a black man set on a 1930’s ranch, working as a stable buck. Steinbeck presents the Character of Crooks to us as he wouldn’t of been considered during the times of the ‘Great Depression’ and shows us the negative stereotypes of black people in an American 1930’s society. Crooks is a minority character introduced in chapter 4. Page 66 reads â€Å"negro stable buck.† Crooks’ character is introducedRead MoreComparing 1930s Society, as Depicted in To Kill a Mockingbird with Present Day Society877 Words   |  4 Pagesthe 1930’s living in the small town of Maycomb, Alabama. Their childhood was a nonstop adventure that brought jocund days and testing trials that teenager’s today experience even with the world around us changing every day. The moral upbringings, educational importance, and the crime rate of small towns all contributed to the childhood memories that were built every day in Maycomb County. These attributes to childhood experiences have changed a lot over the vast time period between the 1930’s andRead MoreThe Power Struggle of the States and Federal Government in the United States1536 Words   |  7 Pagesrelationship between the federal government and states government arise it dealt with national issu es. In the recent events the federal government has been heavily involved with people’s lives notably when it comes to national issues. For instance, in the 1930s when America faced the Great Depression the States had to turn to the Federal government to solve the issue and New Deal program was introduced. The New Deal program that was introduced by Franklin D. Roosevelt solved the macroeconomic problems thatRead MoreThe Emergence Of The Urban Ghettos1347 Words   |  6 Pagesthe manifestation of the urban ghettos began to develop. In the early 1900’s we begin to see public housing programs, public improvement projects, redevelopment projects, urban renewal policies, and other factors being utilized to attain racial segregation within communities. With the rise of black populations in inner cities, manufacturing jobs were lured away with cheap land and low taxes. As industry funneled out of the cities and into the suburbs, the creation of all-white suburban communit iesRead More Doomed From the Start Essay1385 Words   |  6 PagesEven after the Civil War, segregation and racists groups were at large. During this time, white men were disrespectful towards black men. Groups like the K.K.K. wanted nothing less than white supremacy, and they would stop at nothing to obtain this goal. Many blacks were lynched, or even killed only because of the color of their skin. The following are examples of this; the Scottsboro case, lynching by the Klan, and many forms of segregation from the 1920’s till 1930’s. Also in Harper Lee’s bookRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Political Theme Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pagestouches on class inequality, which is the division of groups based on wealth and power, and justice or injustice within America’s system. Although the main plot follows Scout Finch and her growing up in the small town of Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930s, the main conflict of the movie arises from the court case that her father, Atticus Finch, defends. This case is about the rape of Mayella Ewell, a white woman, and Atticus defending a black man, Tom Robinson, who is accused of raping her. HoweverRead MoreThe And Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1549 Words   |  7 PagesDennis Kelly and ‘Of Mice and Men’ by John Steinbeck. Both texts are quite dissimilar for the most part, with ‘DNA’ being a contemporary play, dealing with problems faced by modern youth groups and ‘Of Mice and Men’ being a classic novella. Set in the 1930’s, the novella tells a story of two migrant workers who flee to Salinas, California, for work. In spite of this, both explore the presentation of female characters similarly and how they are treated in society as inferiors, attention seeking and at

The Age Of Viability During The First Two Years Of Life Essay

By 21 to 22 weeks after fertilization, the lungs gain some ability to breathe air. This is considered the age of viability because survival outside the womb becomes possible for some fetuses 2. Describe some of the rapid growth that takes place during the first two years of life. Growth is rapid during the first two years of life. The child s size, shape, senses, and organs undergo change. As each physical change occurs, the child gains new abilities. During the first year of the child’s life, physical development mainly involves the infant coordinating motor skills. The infant builds physical strength and motor coordination by repeating motor actions. 3. When was the last time that you saw an infant? Describe what the baby was doing. The last time I seen an infant was when I was at my uncle house before I left for school. Although it was quiet and not making any noise the baby was very observant and was aware when I came in the room. He had his pacifier and I picked him up to play with him briefly before I left. 4. Briefly describe the most frequent activity that an infant does. Now†¦take your own sleep quiz and see if you are sleep deprived. The most frequent activity an infant does is cry and babble. Crying is almost an automatic thing when it comes to infants, you really have to be able to understand the reason in which they are crying for and act on it. 5. Briefly describe the growth of the infant brain during infancy. BetweenShow MoreRelatedCase Study Activity Of State Abortion Statue1599 Words   |  7 Pagesperform the actions.† Without today’s current technology, maternal and infant mortality rates during childbirth were extraordinarily high. â€Å"(National abortion Federation, 2016) as time contained states changed and modified their laws to accommodate political agendas, these opposed to legal abortion had begun to fight absent any stated funded abortion clines. Then there was Roe v. Wade this was the first major Supreme Court battle based on abortion laws and ethics. Roe v. Wade decision of the courtsRead MoreThe Topic Of Controlling Women’S Reproductive Systems Has1063 Words   |  5 Pagesreproductive systems has been an issue for many years. About a century ago, birth control in any form was illegal. As women’s rights came to the forefront of American politics, women fought for the right to vote and gained the ability to use contraception and eventually get abortions. In 1921, The American Birth Control League formed ; this later became Planned Parenthood, and gained thirty thousand members in its first three years. This organization founded the first birth control clinic. In 1938, the USRead MoreAbortion Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pagesallowed until the end of the first trimester, after that point, the laws regarding abortion are left up to the states. This judgement caused a storm of controversy, which created two sides to the debate, pro- life and pro-choice. 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It was also estimated in 2011 that four births happened each second of every day (Ecology). In 1973 the topic of abortion went before the Supreme Court of the United States. The supreme court decided that abortion wouldRead MoreThomas Jefferson And Modern Geography1175 Words   |  5 Pagesspecific topic that interests him or her and devote their brain power to discovering how the area of interest is influenced by its geographic environment through a spatial perspective. Thomas Jefferson is one such individual who committed throughout his life to view the world through the spatial lens. In William A. Koelsch’s article on Thomas Jefferson, American Geographers, and the Uses of Geography Koelsch makes the argument for the reanalysis of Jefferson’s geographic prowess as basis for his titleRead MoreIs Ectopia Cordis A Rare Disease?960 Words   |  4 Pagesreported 102 (39.2%) of the thoracic type and 99 (38%) of the thoracoabdominal type. Ninety percent of the infants died in the first year of life. Cases of the cervical type rarely survive a single day. Most (95%) newborns have associated cardiac malformations. There is no cure for this disease, however with surgery and physical therapy there is a slim chance of survival. There are two know cases of survival, with sever retardation. Ectopia cordis can be classified into five types: 1) Cervical, in which